Stock/Share Certificates
Stock or share certificates represent ownership.
Bylaws
A bylaw is a rule governing the internal management of an organization, such as a business corporation. Bylaws are drafted by a corporation's founders or directors under the authority of its Charter or Articles of Incorporation. Bylaws widely vary from organization to organization, but generally cover topics such as how directors are elected, how meetings of directors (and in the case of a business, shareholders) are conducted, and what officers the organization will have and a description of their duties.
Articles of Incorporation (Charter)
Articles of Incorporation act as a charter, or declaration, which simply establishes the existence of your business in your state. They usually include such basic information as the name of the business, the incorporator, other directing parties if any, managers, etc.
Minutes
Minutes are the written record of a meeting or hearing. They often give an overview of the structure of a meeting which includes: a list of those present, a statement of the various issues before the participants, and each of their responses. They are usually created by a typist or recorder at the meeting who may record the meeting in shorthand, and then type the minutes and issue them to the participants afterwards. Alternatively, the meeting may be audio recorded and the minutes typed later. The minutes of certain entities, such as a corporate board of directors, must be kept and are important legal documents.
Corporate Seal/Corporate Stamp
A corporate seal or corporate stamp is a device made to either emboss, or imprint certain company information on to documents. It is in effect the signature of the company. This information usually includes the company's name and date and state of formation.
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